医学高校师生对PBL的评价与期望对比研究

目的进行医学高校师生对PBL法的评价与期望对比研究。方法以某医学高校师生为研究对象,以问卷调查数据为基础,进行医科院校师生对于现行PBL法的教学课堂评价与期望的对比研究。结果高校师生对PBL法的评价与期望存在部分差异,学生对该教学法的实施普遍期待,但超过半数学生不知道如何参与;部分教师表示其在实际操作中可能存在问题与局限;在激发学生学习兴趣与主动性方面,几乎所有教师都认同该教学方法,但大部分学生却怀有不确定或中立态度。尽管存在差异,但师生们对PBL法提高学生自主学习能力等方面的优点都表现出一致性赞同。结论 PBL教学法在提高学生综合素质与课堂质量方面的显著成效符合新时期医学高校师生的期望,但也不能忽视其在实际操作中可能存在的困难与局限;教师可在今后传统课堂模式中逐渐融入PBL教学法,在实践中加以改良,达到高效完成课堂教学的目的。     

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a clinical retrospective study on 565 inpatients

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze clinical manifestations of 565 ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) inpatients in the largest Obstetrics and Gynecology hospital in China from year 2010 to 2017, to get more understanding of epidemiologic features of this disease, and to provide some insight on the diagnosis, treatment, and preventions of OHSS. It is a clinical retrospective study. In the 565 cases that developed OHSS over an eight-year period between 2010 and 2017 were reviewed, we assessed patients’ general characteristics, clinical manifestations, treatment, prognosis, and the relationship between different indicators and the severity of OHSS. Totally 12 kinds of ovulation induction protocols (Protocol 1: CC; Protocol 2: Gn; Protocol 3: hCG; Protocol 4: GnRh-a; Protocol 5: CC & Gn; Protocol 6: CC & hCG; Protocol 7: Gn & hCG; Protocol 8: GnRh-a & Gn; Protocol 9: CC & Gn & hCG; Protocol 10: GnRh-a & CC & Gn; Protocol 11: Letrozole & Gn & hCG; Protocol 12:GnRh-a & Letrozole & Gn) were analyzed and the Odds Ratio (OR) of each protocol were calculated. Five hundred and sixty-five patients were reviewed in our study. In all these patients, the number of hospitalizations, mean age, primary infertility rate, and pregnancy rate did not differ through the last 8?years. From which we may infer that the incidence rate of OHSS may not change over the last 8?years. Older patients tend to develop into more severe stage easily. The pregnancy rate was much lower in mild stage patients, but no difference was found between patients in moderate, severe and critical stage. Oocytes retrieval is strongly associated with severity. PCOS history, irregular menstrual cycle and infertility type do not seem to affect the severity of OHSS. Twelve kinds of ovulation induction protocols were analyzed, OR of different protocols were calculated, what is noteworthy is that patients who used GnRh easily developed more severe OHSS than the patients who received oocytes retrieval. We suggest that we may choose ovulation induction protocols according to the OR table while treating women with high-risk factors.     

The Relationship between Food Security Status and Sleep Disturbance among Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Indonesian Population

Background: The relationship between food insecurity and the experience of sleep disturbance has received little attention among researchers, although food insecurity is associated with poor physical and mental health globally. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between food security status and sleep disturbance among adults 20–64 years old. Methods: The study’s population-based sample included 20,212 Indonesian adults who participated in the fifth wave of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS5) in 2014. Dietary intake data, gathered using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), were used to assess the food security status. Sleep disturbance was assessed using the 10-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) questionnaire. We used multiple linear and logistic regression models to test the study hypothesis. Results: A higher likelihood of experiencing sleep disturbance was recorded in people aged older than 56 years (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.17–2.72, p = 0.007), people with depressive symptoms (OR = 3.57, 95% CI: 2.77–4.61, p < 0.001), and food-insecure people (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.02–1.70, p = 0.036). A lower likelihood of experiencing sleep disturbance was recorded in people with low educational attainment (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.30–0.57, p < 0.001). Sleep disturbance was dependent on the food consumption groups and food security status among men (p = 0.004). Conclusions: Sleep disturbance may be affected by the food-insecure status of adults, and later, may lead to serious health outcomes.     

The Association Between Physical Activity and Cataracts Among 17,777 People Aged 15–69 Years Residing in Spain

ABSTRACT

Purpose

The aim of the present study was to assess the association between levels of physical activity (PA) and the presence of cataracts in people aged 15–69 years residing in Spain.     

气血同治法治疗胃息肉验案1则

胃息肉在消化道息肉中最常见,疾病早期多无明显症状,即使有临床症状也无特异性,主要表现为上腹疼痛和腹胀等症,极易造成漏治和误治,在很大程度上影响患者的生活质量。于春泉主任总结多年临床经验,在治疗胃息肉方面有独到的见解,以气血同治为治疗法则,通过补气、行气、活血和养血等治法扶正祛邪,恢复脏腑气血阴阳动态平衡,标本兼顾,临床效果可观。